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BohoBio Blog


news & views about biodiversity

The Key to Caring About Climate? A Calendar

11/1/2024

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We all know climate change is happening, but for many of us, it feels like a distant problem. It's not affecting us personally right now, so we put this concern in the top shelf of the hall closet and don’t give it much if any thought. However, there is something most of us do care deeply about: the future welfare of our children, grandchildren, and generations to come.

​We feel responsible for leaving them a world that isn't depleted of resources or polluted to a degree that will cause them harm. The challenge is that our brains aren't great at properly valuing events likely to happen decades into the future. So, let's try a simple exercise to put things into perspective. Try out this activity using the ages of your children or grandchildren (if you don’t have children, use another child’s age whom you care a lot about).
​
The Calendar of Caring
 
Currently, the average life expectancy in the United States is about 79 years for men and 84 years for women. Let's consider a child born this year, 2024:

  • A girl born in 2024 would likely live until 2108
  • A boy born in 2024 would likely live until 2103
 
Now use these figures to determine until what year your children of concern are likely to live. To do this, subtract their current age from the 2108 for a girl and 2103 for a boy:
 
       Girl: 2108 - <current age> = _______       Boy: 2103 - <current age> = _______
 
When you have these years calculated, ask yourself: What condition is the Earth's environment likely to be in by those years if we continue with our current lifestyles?
Science can help us with that question. Let's look at some projections:

  • CO2 Levels: Currently, the atmosphere is about 420 parts per million (ppm) CO2. By 2100, if we continue on our current path, we could reach 900 ppm.
  • Temperature: The global average temperature could rise by 3-4°C (5.4-7.2°F) by 2100 compared to pre-industrial levels.
 
These changes would lead to more frequent and severe heatwaves, droughts, storms, and rising sea levels. Agriculture would be less reliable and water supplies will be stressed in many parts of the world. It is very likely that the lives of your current children of concern (and their children as well) will be significantly impacted and more difficult. Anyone who cares about the current wellbeing of their children can care equally about their future wellbeing too.
 
The condition of the planet for current children and those yet to be born is highly dependent on how we choose to live our lives now. Every action we take today - from reducing our carbon footprint to supporting sustainable practices - shapes the world they will inherit.
 
By using this simple calendar of caring, we can better connect our present actions to their future consequences. It's not just about abstract numbers or distant projections; it's about the real lives of the people we love most.
 
So, the next time you make a decision that impacts the environment, consider this: You're not just choosing for yourself, but for all the birthdays on your family's future calendar. Let's make choices that will give them reasons to celebrate.


Author

Rick Martin, Ph.D.
​Professor of Life Sciences, UMGC Asia

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Vacations That Help Our Planet

2/10/2023

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What would you like to do on your next vacation? Many people travel to other parts of the world to see exotic sites and have memorable and enjoyable vacations. Tourism, however, comes at a heavy cost to the places being visited and particularly to the habitats of endangered species. What if you could you go to these places and help restore and protect nature instead of damaging it? Turns out, there are numerous organizations offering opportunities to do just that. Here are some examples of organizations looking for volunteers for nature restoration and protection:
  • The Nature Conservancy offers a number of volunteer opportunities to help protect and restore nature, including planting trees and shrubs, creating wildlife habitat, and removing invasive species. 
  • The World Wildlife Fund offers volunteer opportunities to help protect endangered species such as sea turtles and snow leopards in places like the Caribbean and the Himalayas. 
  • Coral Restoration Foundation in Florida offers volunteer-based restoration programs and internships to help rebuild and protect coral reefs. 
  • The Sea Turtle Restoration Project offers volunteer opportunities to help protect sea turtles in Costa Rica and Mexico by patrolling beaches and helping with nesting surveys. 
  • The Galapagos Conservancy offers volunteer programs for those wanting to help restore the islands' biodiversity and protect endangered species, such as the giant tortoise. 
  • Manatee Conservation Supporter of Costa Rica is looking for volunteers to help them with their manatee-monitoring activities and school outreach programs. 
  • Tree Sisters is a UK-based organization that runs a global reforestation program in tropical forests around the world, and often recruits volunteers to assist with planting and restoration efforts. 
  • African Impact Foundation offers numerous projects where volunteers can help protect and restore the habitats of endangered species, such as elephants, rhinos, and lions. Volunteers can participate in initiatives such as anti-poaching patrols, collecting data on wildlife populations and behaviors, and helping to create sustainable livelihoods for local communities. 
  • Earthwatch offers a variety of volunteer opportunities in conservation, wildlife research, and ecotourism.
  • Global Vision International provides a variety of volunteer programs working on wilderness conservation. 
  • Blue Ventures, offers volunteer programs that help to restore and protect marine ecosystems in Madagascar. 
These are just a small sample of the growing number of volunteer opportunities available to help protect nature. To see more, check out Volunteer World which has a well-managed site connecting you to >1,600 volunteer abroad programs!  Volunteer Match is another site with an excellent tool for helping you find volunteer opportunities that match your interests! 

By Rick Martin, with assistance by Wordtune AI editing. 
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Recovery of Endangered Species is Being Helped - by Buffalos !

9/15/2022

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​Researchers at Kansas State University have discovered a way to help bring back the endangered prairie grass ecosystem using a tool not found in laboratories - buffalos. 

Prior to the displacement of native Americans by European settlers, a vast area of land stretching from Texas to southern Canada was covered with tallgrass prairies, a diverse mix of waist-high grasses and flowering bushes. These lands were also home to an estimated 30 – 60 million buffalos (aka American bison). Both the plants and the buffalo numbers crashed after the US government supported the eradication of buffalo in an attempt to cut off the food supply of native Americans who had previously occupied those areas. By the 1890’s, buffalo became an endangered species with only a few hundred remaining, and tallgrass prairie ecosystems were reduced to only 4% of their previous size. 

The research is being carried out at the Konza Prairie Biological Station, a 28 km2 tallgrass prairie reserve jointly owned by KSU and the Nature Conservancy. The question under study is how important buffalos are for the maintenance of a healthy, diverse ecosystem. Turns out, they are very important. 

Researchers compared plots of tallgrass prairie that had no buffalos to plots that had buffalos and to plots that grazed cattle. Over time, the plot without buffalos or cattle became dominated by a few species of tall grasses and had the least biodiversity. The plot that was grazed cattle had an increase of 30% in the number of native plant species that were growing there. The plot with buffalos showed the most diversity with an impressive increase of 85% in the number of native species compared to the plot without grazing animals. 

Buffalos were found to have a number of biodiversity increasing effects on the ecosystem. By eating the tall grasses other plant species were able to increase their populations. The buffalo’s dung helped fertilize the soil and their hooves help mix the dung into the soil along with air improving conditions for plants. With an increase in plant biodiversity came an increase in animals that found food and hiding places within the plant-enriched land. Even the buffalo’s fur turned out to be valuable as it was picked up by birds and used for nests when the buffalo were shedding. 

The observed affect is called “keystone herbivory” which refers to how a large herbivore has a far-reaching impact on other species that they share the ecosystem with. 
​
The research reveals a general rule regarding human impact on biodiversity. When we go into an ecosystem and remove a species for our purposes, other species also disappear in response to the disruption. So, to protect existing biodiversity it is best to leave ecosystems intact and extract resources we made need in as gentle a method as possible. 


You can learn more about this topic by visiting National Geographic

To learn more about the history of buffalo eradication in the US go here

​
​By Rick Martin

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  • Home
  • About us
  • BohoBio Blog
  • Characters
    • Yumi the Pangolin >
      • KOREAN 한국어
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      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Tini the Tarsier >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Bo the Sloth Bear >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Canary Big-Eared Bat >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Forrest the Okapi >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Marty the Margay >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Bibi the Aye-Aye >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Tipsy the Tapir >
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    • Coco the colugo >
      • KOREAN 한국어
    • Ninu the Bilby >
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